Installing & Configuring Git

Before you dive into using Git to make branches and repositories and commits, you should ensure your computer has it installed and configured correctly.

The good news is that most modern OS distributions come with Git already installed. To check, open a terminal window and type the command git -v. If Git is installed, this command tells you its version. If you want to know where Git is installed, type the which git command in Terminal to show the location.

Some integrated development environments (IDEs), like Xcode, install their own version of Git, and others help you install Git during their setup. If you’ve found that Git isn’t on your machine or if you ever want to install a different version than the one on your machine, you can find a download link on the downloads page of the official Git website.

Setting Your Name

If you remember from the last lesson, every commit had a name and an email address. When you’re working on a project and have a question about some code, Git can tell you who added it to the codebase. The first time you make a commit, if you haven’t already set your email address and name, Git uses your system username and your computer’s name because the fields can’t be blank. Git will then show you a message saying you probably need to change the values and where it stored them.

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Creating a Repository

Remember that Git runs only when you execute a command rather than all the time. Because of this, when you tell Git to start managing a directory, it creates a hidden .git directory where it stores what it needs. Without running a Git command, you can see if Git is managing a directory by looking for that .git directory.

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