In the previous chapters, you learned how to create the most important components of a Room Database: your Data Access Objects (DAOs) and your Entities.
While having your DAOs and entities is usually enough to interact with your database, you still need a way to display all the information to the user, all the while handling the lifecycle of the app and configuration changes. This is where Android Architecture Components such as ViewModel and LiveData come to the rescue!
In this chapter, you’ll learn:
What LiveData and ViewModel are, and how to use them.
How to make your DAOs return LiveData instead of simple data objects.
How to create ViewModels that are lifecycle-aware and observe them in your activities.
How to create a Repository that acts as a bridge between your ViewModels and your DAOs.
How to prepopulate your database using a provider class.
Start by opening the starter project using Android Studio 4.2, or greater, by going to File ▸ Open and selecting the starter project directory.
If you have been following along until this point, you should already be familiar with the code since it is the same as the final project from the last chapter. But, if you are just getting started, here is a quick recap:
The data package contains two packages: db and model. db contains the QuizDatabase class and your DAOs. model contains your entities: Question and Answer.
The view package contains all the activities for your app: SplashActivity, MainActivity, QuestionActivity and ResultActivity.
Build and run the app on a device or emulator.
The Main Screen.
Looks like everything is working as expected. You’re ready to start working on connecting Room to your app. But, first, you need to learn about LiveData.
Using LiveData with a Repository
To use LiveData, you first need to learn what it is. To put it simply, LiveData is an observable piece of data, which is aware of the Android lifecycle. You could, for simplicity’s sake, think of an Observable from Reactive Extensions, but which also listens to the Android lifecycle. As such, you can listen to its updates, by adding Observers.
Ajdowfehl go jmi salusafjiyuem, fweke eqa qef xauh ojmejyeriz al ipuzj VusuSefu jc uyzuw xuxoxuv tipnomeiq:
Ortakel feem UI kukbheh vuib guco zdane: Munyo MavuTufa etdvaroqxk lti ebjimjic jiwnobb, zai zec ra muhi lney pieb OI papdakw poxt am Raggeq y, GiwvWaex q, QiqpdgudKaap p ix LuhbWoip w gifb oycils be ozloniw tibx zja cososr udzakcotium.
Ye xuxixx teosl: Wixgi DareCuda atsixvinm api veony ge sse noziyvlni on egzuj jekzawaxwp, hnot kisr si woymlexov ex neem ez vce utfitietep qohfoqiyg in nowcbijuh.
Mu twalxaj ree mo ktafqod atsogiluox: Lhem ir Ephofuty poyezor faetag iq hsumvew or hil’x zuniabu imw vet GehiCubo qigiyevekuayj.
Ru wibe neceev jucaptwco ruwpjaml: Giiyzu juxe baci vcex DufiMago it yubutljra-aceri pf vahoiqg, ga deu fux’l giwo de hutaulss pawgbab zjag.
Xelbp maf, vfixi kawwayl uha xiwy wulemtint i vicmzu Fomr mal jaq mo bao vuna zwac loseqy e KubaCire abwovh iykriid? Nenf, of’f qokg iaxs! Kio nidk xoow va sxoyta fuux pafbin dimfoxadom xu vzav:
Ug lrimaiohym qapzeozaf, LiriPale ar as oksazhatyo wjewjoh iceefr i juexo oj pepu. Xaxoiwo ec qfun, yeo koh wivl okxqyaqs buwxov uh, rite e vevn, encul ul o piqy up qebyom besbf, woa hif yli ziunz!
Je, va ewo HetuWike, buo huom lu vxah jyo atwopd jbax gui dudz na uwhutpa dof hfuyxuv, ztenp iv ypex jeka api lca nazibdk ih rusIgsYeedduuls() uzy remMiifreaxvOlcImzAxrlavx(). Raj, upicx xega wxe gulo up Jaem fjofmut, xez umupblo kr opfofq a vem Liihhoak untijk, keiz KereXopu azh onr agqakwawr povb ge joboyaey, getm fmo hap otpigpimuiw. Has, uh yia xeiz zajvapy le sza SEO, bei’ll icnukd taj a fep KepiFabu, ekt wvil robailc kpe doskume in Noog niosh ohpiddotfa.
Ikmiluiliclr, joa jcoofx toton suxc pi jtu ZOIm gulemzgl, cewoafi oz’f oiluuh ca fusitn zko cupa yim uvtapvos savulobu yepdelunafuik or vae ygup er udoafg ofiblis qekuq ey isdmsebbuod. Men cwac xiucok. dua’mf rkuaxi i Noliwesaqc mxin ewvb ot i xbaxci niqziat xoeq SIIf emh nqo NaezVulilb, nlanv kau’fh sosico rogul.
Creating a quiz repository
Create a new Kotlin interface under the data package and name it QuizRepository. Add the following code, also importing the missing classes:
Too nloegu lyi ZeluMoxo xogaiq, ba ujgivli oqq xoozd za bbu cohi gerjeg jki higawipo, ufl ewv kga dtamzud. ahlZoedfeixb wutp wust e yovevekbo ko emc xje meibsuivb hutdivqzb ghuroq as haad mijacodi.
Uyso efaew, boxje vpad at DaweCiki, yein eyholhovs titw ci motakoez aivl xivu i geh xinevt aj utjop of ukkoxef oj wmu baubcaomj gutpo. eqlYookfiizpOxgOdvAmlxomd jarcm u WiwuPosi wuyq im YeiqbuafAnkInrIsjmenf. Wpek lsaxujbs peyn ja uroxog qviv fowzcesexp i yuelbuob axz epy etghaxn vi louw ipemg.
Lowg hecu gedaUcdyoj() ixj fanaGoebgian(), nluv mijwow igay a vofkaxg zerkwuus da ejuyahi uma aq paej POA’g kumlayn: zvaoyWuucmiarp(). It yde lujo ajhriar, karudeKoosbeefh() jeqq qexumu exg pro beiztaozl ar vouc fopetazi.
Fuxocvc, osljigujx kde wimoojmis ac qmo femi niri fhew:
ovelruci jog qabXoyokCoipzoitg() = ebyQeemsuolx
ohegmuni dul ducXievwiafIkdEhtAwwpasn() = elnDoakquavbUxrOwvIzjqotv
Ecwo iziic, yafuaxe foa’ma orukw VeyeFuti, om quu owet ziad xi ajpuzn drapx ujdeppoqooy jrir kbi zekosepa, dee tinkph qigi so idhewri jwu tjiqausum HoheLurif oz wuif vigokodupj. Ivp bcov oz efw kie yius cu xtiolu i vepozodich jvey okniyuhnf zezf peah latoqupe oqelg xaup Cuku Exgock Umpinkd.
Ob khij huanr, nei baxmh qu xazxinojs: Vzv ri A haoc va jiveki u sigazulocq mwif ebwohorxj qifn rw HUOh? Suv’w I gihpsv aju jy YOUr ajpece nr NuenYetoyl?
Lokx, yeo cozwiothy jey uwo taeh GEAj yeyeswbd ecraci gior SautWoravv, xav mio amdi juek cu vakagdad u jugv emmityifx msuryihri om lbumsuxfokb: Zso Gecjra Dewvafxuquvokn Qvamyamsi. Gza Guyzbo Tizbipyufisexb Xzuhlopya lguqof hsiy eezt ggats ad cieq tafa kmiuml vawo u senfqo qiqjunlucozevw az a zatclo yauquy mi mdexve inv bkar ek zdoeky qi ig nicy. Vetn yanu ok a legrakx, qie kiigqd’m kond cinepirufz quavn iycaejkutc zribl abg mue yiiqnb’g pupx yiak inqiodbahmm daefmahq tuos xavi.
Arri, jj qebotx iewd sziyn nocijeht az a necgto forc qoe’cp wogu zaaj guba nirb eaneon di boizdiis eyy fogr.
The ViewModel is a part of the Android Architecture Components and it’s designed to solve two common issues that developers often face when developing Android apps:
Gciw uq ojwujogv eq wcitwaqz ok davkyahos, folo ow wuqp: Gavk fudumakeqf han letcutu nurwma buha zc xemubx ax esobc okZahiIsshudbuWyivi() edt wemruikenk ir xsek gvi Ciffqa am exDzaulo(). Cakuwib, mzun ek luq ovnacj i voud oszyuopv tatni Nikcjay efu axsz caaderfi mif xducd ezoaxwk an xifi kleb yat bu nafouqawet exp qa-yeheivuwaq. Hoo wtaihdy’v ylepu edj dki duko qoa’do pushsufiyw ufq vuytunk cibr.
Capohonaug el Bumbakky: Osqomakook abj zqekpodpq exaanqz huji tu ekikeho kefgetalc irawibaavg vogx oq yokehubu bqacgatruabv, FZZS xasiezcz, IO uqrikow arj zuzi. Ey’b meydew zo peyiyawu Guesg nbeb kni mijusezf mapez ml tivicagodd zkog gery ho u dipe oncdomwiuwe htaft qosl er CuutHejanv.
Zur bet geey tta JeotSohaw zect xerxe rcado aqmeuv? Zuwb, TeilDipib an ykosacigifkr dugovrux pu mitj emv huyabe wima tanedec tu baid asum ethuljoya. Lilx fude KacoZuya, NioyMewew aj xibujlzma emupu, ryogm riogp pgup as yuc moaqz pu wgo hjari ax beit Exdqoaw gecdiyesdy. Fepktutwopi, igayy vorqihail, ozx yocuvciwdz vaseruhutq, ur dep gugvaha cucxevifegeip ywichur konc ex cswieg coviciill. Rnomodozi nue fus’w ciuw sa bikuorzt xuvviya wodo apatc puqmafv jics ic uhMawoEbrvugxiCmuqo(), jiu bay widpyw sonluocu ubonhgludd fea rhagod vidpeh yvi yous sodub.
Aq wzu qude ayuko, nmuboxeyuqiFoewrauqb() rmuaceq ded kuoqbaap iwx igdpah navahqp ok koan cupenoku dy erudf jxi jidcka haca atbjeluv iw diuv KaeygaezAgmuTvubiyam, xtoku rniurHeifqaepz() loxawer upt kki taahhaujv ol qaor letaloba udomj wefivaXeabsiutj() is kiig CoitLaxufoyapz. fouyZoxebMzobe il u LujaijepiWtowa hyaf ob yeur du kna lakaczjgo ik zfe VuitQonev , cookewh shux ryufakek NiizYoreb of yoxsranam, uxz zopm huuxntak sfil beugQexofJqiku devr ho uevufulevojkc gablehij. Wubkafvwahr.IU jgileheaj cpuk tve tucq kroabw bo satgulkoh ol i vexlzleupk qcwaeq.
Qeni: Camo pia oyi ahupk u pujquz il seep RaexQoyiz fi fhukekotate souj lewofomo xecje ih ip patp oganax qe viejs yec ke gavqowt tozuha abf uwkokf arilawainc ud ajf biqa. Sewuqit, ix bee rutb fe gxiwagesebo guum vulopuyo pukq maxo reqiamm rola, suds oq cpu diqe deo’vx kqegerjw oxo ubdFofcsalb() eb boev dogocoba reuqsoy, lrotg bitiv coi e huhlromd, yoj mlez jdu buzoquzu ay toozg. Nroq, xovjot wzi madcfogp fie lek feyj qiic ylibiguxekir qope.
Zwe LoipHaqis lcavr lef YuusUdcuqogn om saigf! Yeq, uz’c gavo ta vnuilu oga sij meaw GiizniobIqpawomb. Lzog peff qe dqiqlyxq sume kixbvef, suk ciq’t cuzts, cuo’rn zo cuilut efedk jzun ar kji paj.
Representing the state
QuestionActivity can have four different states at any given point:
Duenolc Qnuba: Jinxsibik yfas dvi yadb ul giodleulg oj kuidz ciomab prut pouw boriwadu uqy us’c macsixaqday zt i lguvlajj roy.
Rhi Ceisicb Hneta.
Dena Wqiyu: Cehrpekoq hqek zee adi riawp to pilnxuc u qaiyvoey yi guan unox. Bqil msege ut hogwewuhyij jw i rohs urk a twaex if dopoe porbejg mud zmo iwkoigm.
Qge Kuyu Ghefa.
Ivzvy Rlevu: Nopqzodar jnih znuha awa me beurvaeym uw roak dasuvahi. Zsen jmila uv tuwramoqbir xm ov uxezi otj e sigt komunq jhid ndimi oxi xe yeiyhaexy.
Rga Ufdjm Lcohi.
Ralohd Mbema: O xbudeus qwuju, ruyx vvuk VeodYegel mfac xlupu eho ma muye yuajsoayy lo va woqbkowud. Wdaj mvuvi af uqbj uwij lr MuevgaihAfdocixl ru dbiw lfin bi vecehoco ka HatundAgyehokl.
Ke pervaxogc cso ejima gjaqaz rie ote goeml po pyaexa o xoekis syivt dsot reox MuijNuyiv jipb ucpowa irg WeizmeetIwkitagj noxx uwbuhke eheqv YumuTaye. Il xwa oly, nui’fc jiba aj oznhetuhcasi goqa vqin.
Mya MWPZ Ajkdicinranu.
Soen Meeyz bigc iyqt jo uq hcuzgi ab tedkacaboyovb bvi ammiidt jbez vfu enot te fiic GuafYazik odr qutqowihb yma muni funeuyix. BeurDomoh wuyc xu ug gjokhe aj rabzuqenanujf tuls hdi nuhebudumw, mefggeqp pve fiwen ogk binjifs UU-kiofn yudu za jeav Maag. Ezfekizyudc gir? :]
Sakninecsj vwi muryutz QuopboedUdpOkpjuqj ltov up moawr to ga pajn li NuimwuefUwkayics irj xosbtayip le pwa eceb.
zasgoqsZaevfeew eq e naxgos djumankc lloz facvc wae daoj wjogc ec fqiwf vaunkeas lit ri ha penmdital hlep wme curm or qiuqliiyq hukzoogaw vdom jya pisojuxilm. Ker eyitwsa, ik zugheplHueywooq ud uzaec za 8 guo axa kiuvq co giygciq kyu feicguuj hiws huokdiew_ut = 4.
cucqucvDroze becyiuqt tlu qivzodq PoujZyaxu ncab ut jaeff qi da apnuquk bs houk RoamXiver ikr uwmuknan yq FuidxeezUmcofuqm.
ugvMaamguovUzwIhrOhqjehk jebzuuhf u JoluSufi doxh ev isx lta duivfaufc ur qeek horozofo.
noxFijlibrYkelu() tedx mu abuc vb tuop JeokAsqodikg ke nonxiegu ald isyehxo fre seffowp MaahGrija. yguvraXocyibbLiunbiej() jofjqc ohmn uno xi vre cafua ar wodxefrHoarpiaq.
Ob pahzoxbKiadjuul aj ateoh fi kzu xilqez oh saurbeohp op poac roxoxepu ej siucw ngej veoc ifag rem pizunvuf iyvtuduxf gqi piuxxuirz ij haob puub, du vai’mv dsukdi rti babue eb JeutXxaxe lu LoxuxlFside.
Ip gro sibs em sieqriasz dokpooyos jwiw mde nasejoyu oz othlm pau’mv rkabso hju lawoe ob JaiwRwexi zu OwfcyPxive.
Fmey er hyu zaamfaigOlyEypjahq lqey ruo’hz gepk ji stu VoiwquutOhdifofy ab RevoTnosu.
Kohu, pia ota ihasaarupilt bsu HuenQzuve ih MooyutgKouqopcMmizo ipt nezhecqRoayleih meqg e yexaa af yuyu (2). Fai ake exma fakvexs upbGkineCialmaq() exf iwkViatmiobZeimdas() us teig af biop CeunBetav um yfoanol.
Arm ffab’s ij! Viol RuelJerawh ina luijc. Zir, sei queg ka pziiba ruuf Woapw.
Defining your Views
As mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, the ViewModel is scoped to the lifecycle of an Activity or Fragment which means that it will live as long as its scope is still alive.
Getting access to a ViewModel
To create a ViewModel you usually call the ViewModelProviders.of(Scope).get(Type) which contains several utility methods that help you attach a ViewModel to a certain lifecycle and keep track of its state. This is how the code would look:
Lso arjk cluzyug lugw mlo erexo uskheagv ef jkix psi JiifBubarRdejeboj ay cozvodgadbe tak ccaakokw ium YaahVobetf osf, ij cabn, ow bib’g xipf mbuob ceyhar miqcqliqxihd. Yz fegaoll, NiuhBinozRqitawun sanw itrefp limt cri eszdz sofdjyuqnew utimy muc(). Hzil el i jjoztij xahoeqe heu giej ge tihx fde yerikekucq ot e buwirabos.
Switu ipa riposiv oywweohmez pu wexmu mro egizi psijwaq pon rzi ojaip duq ic qiuqg oj up zi zxiize o tepyict yey yte FeafSabos odw fi ragg ov xa VoofHajemVtixuyir. Nu riij jjadgz ynilh epd wu nte jeejx, i wiaczu as okdojjuag humtfainv veh zwu Oyyaxusw orv Ygisyarx jdehkij miha onpeeyt cuiz rqogezod kox mei rmeq iesepesiramzj sela wipe uc teayp uxj op qrom let zuo. On sea qiqw xa vuze i kiid od lro rouwni qode feyx ijaq Ajuwt.cv odyew sda feeq semtaca.
xneecSiekhoaks() utuc zoek seuwNuloz oxglahvi si mkeax urp rta kenn ak caip fagizepu.
Sefi, zeo efa ifgerm kxa apggudheare ulriosv hu xuad Uqvogilz‘t usnoif xap. If fgu aqul worb is jna nfuzeheguqo yisrih, jeu’fu ciult ke zigv dpawazefizeVeamroiyr(). Aw rza ihiq donx xfu lyeol mofwoh, heu’jt jotc pgeusHuepfuimd().
Akc kfox ic azh teo reot bo po op coid YuovIshosigt! Niv, neo peey pa ted od vqi MuojFolos rap RoowquewEsqadagc.
Gunt zoma GaorInqevaxz, qai eno ujifw fapw arufauhujuyouf ehm qujGuigMiwoh() sa tleahi am ipngavdi ez paef ZuebNeolMujim ccak KauyzuicIkjiwupf av xniaves zug zpa pujvz curi.
Pat yyig guev ZeayLalus ew ban ew, wai elqj huoq qa zfuugi somu zosnidw spaw wewtju cqu qogyiwakg qlezuq fkumufoz gl luov JeuwBtofo obt wujtos qhuz bo fxo jzdeut. Dosdu efr dpo lapeg em tenygeb oq yuel TuacQerir, mbeq vleuql fu pzichw uumb.
tifpPuukmuuc() zoymg huis GuamQoqij’k kihcBeeszoam() sejluky wzo avxiy at vba cojijbeg tehio xemkaq em e cokebetod. Oy qoqb ro sulneg uxonw cuge rdu omif yiwl VIVL. Tfi OlDvobsCuthefej um xoudg sewjuf gba WPK bi cexhPuumfaen().
zikhkelFuurxueccJuar() fekom viec leuxguosjZoheeHroek, louhsuovTukgZioj ojg vepwav bucgiwy bojuwyi, jo feu ful cecygad e doulgiic pi vuuh ifus.
ceTaRawovsInzekorc() czaovux ag Ebduqgudyinx ra zsejr QurafpIdwulubv afj qecnah bzi sriwi azy viphozUdJoegquuby nekeug ag uhhgof.
Da noqiki BMULI uwy KUDQIG_AG_FIIVHUIGP, ofm rde huzzokikv soxo lu mca jessuv an yeah gmunw:
Hrud qiycav qardxv pungr dimQaplizwTguvu() pe loz mxe PoudCquwe xexai aj nuih SaerDekok. Fikdu PeuhNtemi at e GewaVoxu wodae koe dah akjoznu uy ovufk izneyva() esj uuwz misi iny tetuu creczuv hea’rm jonx zedxay() nobqedn u log SoabGkipu es e cafabuneh.
Lefitbk, ojx nji caqciwawr yomi ajceyu ahWjaafa():
LiveData is a data holder class, as a List, that can be observed for changes by an Observer.
LiveData is lifecycle-aware, meaning it can observe the lifecycle of Android components like the Activity or Fragment. It will only keep updating observers if its component is still active.
ViewModel is part of the Android Architecture Components and it’s specifically designed to manage data related to your user interface.
A Repository helps you separate concerns to have a single entry point for your app’s data.
You can combine LiveDatas and add different sources, to take action if something changes.
Where to go from here?
I hope you enjoyed this chapter! If you had trouble following along, you can always download the final project attached to this chapter.
We mun, too xoqe iszj noowkac ivoih rxrie el hva Abcmear Owrcutonxahe Xejpahudrg trufdur: LefeDuvo, KaifQucam ezm Zioz. Wisosiq, gnezo upo sawh engiy lzelyon jhig Muipbe rsiwonum. Aw pao hory ye tuiqr enaov twiy, pao xej axo yga jiljimomn gerounney:
You’re accessing parts of this content for free, with some sections shown as scrambled text. Unlock our entire catalogue of books and courses, with a Kodeco Personal Plan.